Thermodynamic spontaneity—whether a reaction can go—can be measured by changes in either of two parameters: entropy or free energy.

Three thought experiments involving “demons” have haunted physics for centuries. What should we make of them today?

The exploration of quantum information challenges objective reality, positing the universe as a hologram is explored through ...

For more than a century, Srinivasa Ramanujan’s uncanny formulas for the number pi have looked like pure mathematical ...

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Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science in Bengaluru have shown that the same mathematical structures embedded in Ramanujan’s work also appear in turbulence, percolation processes and ...

Warm dense matter is a state of matter that forms at extreme temperatures and pressures, like those found at the center of ...

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