"The ATP synthase protein complex consists of a spinning rotor driven by the back transport of protons into the mitochondrial matrix. This part is connected to the enzyme's catalytic head by a stalk, ...

In 2005, a class of compound was discovered that could inhibit the bacterium that causes tuberculosis infections in humans — Mycobacterium tuberculosis 1. Unexpectedly, the target of these drugs was ...

From the tiniest cell motor to the grand sweep of Earth's carbon cycle, photosynthesis and cellular respiration form the heartbeat of life. These processes not only sustain every breath we take but ...

The proton gradients that power respiration are as universal as the genetic code itself, giving an insight into the origin of life and the singular origin of complexity. Why do virtually all cells ...

Six structures exhibited by the rotating sodium ion pump were reconstructed in 3D using cryo-electron microscopy. This analysis revealed that (1) the rotor exhibits non-uniform rotation behavior due ...