Heavy ion irradiation is a versatile technique for modifying materials at the nanoscale by directing high-energy ions onto a target. As these swift heavy ions penetrate matter, they deposit vast ...

Enamel formation, or amelogenesis, is an intricate developmental process in which specialised epithelial cells known as ameloblasts secrete enamel matrix proteins and orchestrate the mineralisation of ...

Researchers have achieved real-time capture of the ionization process and subsequent structural changes in gas-phase molecules through an enhanced mega-electronvolt ultrafast electron diffraction (MeV ...