Abigail Adams had taken her eldest son, John Quincy, just shy of his eighth birthday, to view the distant battle from the top of Penn’s Hill near the family farm in Braintree (now Quincy).

Patriot Presidents: From George Washington to John Quincy Adams The esteemed American historian William E. Leuchtenburg invites readers to revisit the years after the birth of the republic, when ...

John Adams of Massachusetts was elected vice president. In 1792, George Washington was unanimously elected to a second term as U.S. president in a vote of the Electoral College.

John Adams, the second American president and former vice president of George Washington, presided over a nation divided, as many Americans, especially Thomas Jefferson’s Republicans, remained ...