Think about a baseball game. The batter has to decide whether and how to hit the incoming pitch. He needs to judge the position and speed of the ball, given his own visual uncertainty, and to estimate ...

Studies axioms, counting formulas, conditional probability, independence, random variables, continuous and discrete distribution, expectation, moment generating functions, law of large numbers, ...

where \(\mathsf{G}(\cdot)\) is some convex operator and \(\mathcal{F}\) is as set of feasible input distributions. Examples of such an optimization problem include finding capacity in information ...